Magic cards: a new augmented reality approach

Augmented reality (AR) commonly uses markers for detection and tracking. Such multimedia applications associate each marker with a virtual 3D model stored in the memory of the camera-equipped device running the application. Application users are limited in their interactions, which require knowing how to design and program 3D objects. This generally prevents them from developing their own entertainment AR applications. The Magic Cards application solves this problem by offering an easy way to create and manage an unlimited number of virtual objects that are encoded on special markers

Innovación en Televisión Digital: Tendencias a corto y medio plazo

Por fin hemos logrado la digitalización completa… pero …pero ¡si ya teníamos señal digital en otros ¡si ya teníamos señal digital en otros medios!: DVB-S/C, IPTV, Web-TV La digitalización abre oportunidades, aunque lolo realmente interesante es la realmente interesante es la coincidencia coincidencia con la situación de convergencia de redes y servici

Oasis: Uso de escáneres láser en infraestructuras ITS para modelización del tráfico

Detectar, predecir y gestionar el tráfico a lo largo de una autopista con herramientas inteligentes lo más automatizadas posibles y con el fin de obtener un tráfico uniforme, es uno de los principales objetivos del proyecto CENIT OASIS (Operación de autopistas seguras inteligentes y sostenibles). Dentro del ámbito de la movilidad, es fundamental establecer un modelo de sensorización óptimo que extraiga la máxima información y de la mayor calidad posible. Para ello, la visión artificial se propone como solución en numerosas aplicaciones de tráfico mediante la utilización de cámaras de vídeo y algoritmos específicos, sin embargo a pesar de su extendida implantación presenta ciertas limitaciones. La combinación de las tecnologías de visión artificial con sensores basados en tecnología LIDAR puede paliar parte de dichas limitaciones y permitir el desarrollo de un sistema mixto robusto y preciso. Desde OASIS se plantea una solución híbrida, complementaria, basada en la fusión de técnicas de visión artificial y tecnologías LIDAR para la detección y monitorización de tráfico a nivel microscópico de tráfic

A simplified computer vision system for road surface inspection and maintenance

This paper presents a computer vision system whose aim is to detect and classify cracks on road surfaces. Most of the previous works consisted of complex and expensive acquisition systems, whereas we have developed a simpler one composed by a single camera mounted on a light truck and no additional illumination. The system also includes tracking devices in order to geolocalize the captured images. The computer vision algorithm has three steps: hard shoulder detection, cell candidate proposal, and crack classification. First the region of interest (ROI) is delimited using the Hough transform (HT) to detect the hard shoulders. The cell candidate step is divided into two substeps: Hough transform features (HTF) and local binary pattern (LBP). Both of them split up the image into nonoverlapping small grid cells and also extract edge orientation and texture features, respectively. At the fusion stage, the detection is completed by mixing those techniques and obtaining the crack seeds. Afterward, their shape is improved using a new developed morphology operator. Finally, one classification based on the orientation of the detected lines has been applied following the Chain code. Massive experiments were performed on several stretches on a Spanish road showing very good performance

Emergency management in the highways of the future. A performance-based multilayered ITS architecture design proposal

Emergency management is one of the key aspects within the day-to-day operation procedures in a highway. Efficiency in the overall response in case of an incident is paramount in reducing the consequences of any incident. However, the approach of highway operators to the issue of incident management is still usually far from a systematic, standardized way. This paper attempts to address the issue and provide several hints on why this happens, and a proposal on how the situation could be overcome. An introduction to a performance based approach to a general system specification will be described, and then applied to a particular road emergency management task. A real testbed has been implemented to show the validity of the proposed approach. Ad-hoc sensors (one camera and one laser scanner) were efficiently deployed to acquire data, and advanced fusion techniques applied at the processing stage to reach the specific user requirements in terms of functionality, flexibility and accuracy

Linear color correction for multiple illumination changes and non-overlapping cameras

Many image processing methods, such as techniques for people re-identification, assume photometric constancy between different images. This study addresses the correction of photometric variations based upon changes in background areas to correct foreground areas. The authors assume a multiple light source model where all light sources can have different colours and will change over time. In training mode, the authors learn per-location relations between foreground and background colour intensities. In correction mode, the authors apply a double linear correction model based on learned relations. This double linear correction includes a dynamic local illumination correction mapping as well as an inter-camera mapping. The authors evaluate their illumination correction by computing the similarity between two images based on the earth mover's distance. The authors compare the results to a representative auto-exposure algorithm found in the recent literature plus a colour correction one based on the inverse-intensity chromaticity. Especially in complex scenarios the authors’ method outperforms these state-of-the-art algorithms

Fast algorithm for H.264/AVC intra prediction based on discrete wavelet transform

H.264 or MPEG-4 AVC (Advanced Video Coding) is the new world-wide accepted international Standard for video coding, approved by ITU-T and ISO. New Tools have been added to improve the coding efficiency allowing a save up above of 50%, when is compared with previous standards (H.263, MPEG-2 y MPEG-4). From April 2007 there is a new set of profiles known as “all-Intra”. They were born as a sub-set from the “High” profile and have reached a high impact within broadcast industry where the highest quality video formats are demanded. The high efficiency of “all-Intra” mode in H.264 is due to Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO) technique. RDO chooses for each macroblock (MB) the best partition mode and directional prediction. However, the computational burden becomes extremely high due to huge number of prediction-prediction modes that should be evaluated. This article shows a new algorithm for fast partition mode algorithm based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). It allows reducing the number of candidate modes to those which are strictly defined for each partition. By using the local 2D-DWT over each MB, information of the homogeneity is obtained. It is got from multiresolution analysis of the transformed coefficients in each sub-band. This way it is easier to classify quickly the optimum partition mode avoiding the exhaustive seek made by RDO

An ITS architecture specification - The FOTsis project experience

The recent continuous development of Cooperative ITS has resulted in several initiatives which focus on different parts of the Cooperative environment landscape. The FOTsis project focuses on the infrastructure side of the Cooperative environment and will deploy and test 7 services designed to maximise the benefits of the integration of the road operator and infrastructure-based information providers into the ITS environment. This integration can take place in any of the stages of data collection, processing and actuations of the services, but also support and trigger external tasks such as operations of the emergency response entities, etc. This paper describes the current status of the project and focuses on the specification of the supporting architecture to the services tested: references, a brief outline of the requirements’ definition, and the FOTsis architecture proposal, with some conclusions about the architecture tests conducted. The outlook on the project’s next steps is given in the last section of the paper

Especificación de arquitecturas ITS: la experiencia del proyecto FOTsis

El constante desarrollo reciente de los ITS Cooperativos ha resultado en diferentes iniciativas que se centran en distintos aspectos del entorno Cooperativo. El proyecto Europeo FOTsis perteneciente al FP7 gira alrededor de la infraestructura de este entorno. El proyecto tiene como objetivos básicos desplegar y validar 7 servicios que han sido diseñados para maximizar los beneficios de la integración de diferentes entidades basadas en la infraestructura en el paisaje ITS: el operador de infraestructura, proveedores de datos externos, entre otros. Este artículo describe el estado actual del proyecto, destacando la especificación de la arquitectura ITS que lo sustenta: referencias, una breve reseña a la definición de los requisitos de los servicios, y finalmente la propuesta de arquitectura FOTsis, junto con algunas conclusiones sobre las pruebas realizadas sobre la arquitectura propuesta. Al final del artículo se da una visión general de los próximos pasos en el proyecto

Cooperative ITS communications architecture: the FOTsis project approach and beyond

With the continuous development in the fields of sensors, advanced data processing and communications, road transport oriented intelligent applications and services have reached a significant maturity and complexity. Cooperative ITS services, based on the idea of sharing accurate information among road entities, are currently being tested on a large scale by different initiatives. The field operational test (FOTsis) project contributes to the deployment environment with services that involve a significant number of entities out of the vehicle. This made necessary the specification of an architecture which, based on the ISO ITS station reference architecture for communications, could support the requirements of the services proposed in the project. During the project, internal implementation tests and external interoperability tests have resulted in the validation of the proposed architecture. At the same time, these tests have had as a result the awareness of areas in which the FOTsis architecture could be completed, mainly to take full advantage of all the emerging and foreseeable data sources which may be relevant in the road environment. In this study, the authors will outline an approach that, based on the current cooperative ITS architecture and the SmartCities and Internet Of Things (IoT) architectures, can provide a common convergence platform to maximise the information available for ITS purposes